(also known as chronic adrenal insufficiency, or hypocortisolism) is a rare endocrine disorder in which the body produces insufficient amounts of adrenal steroid hormones (glucocorticoids and often mineralocorticoids). The condition was first described by British physician Thomas Addison in his 1855 publication, On the Constitutional and Local Effects of Disease of the Suprarenal Capsules. Those who have Addison's are often referred to in research and informational articles as "Addisonians".
In primary adrenal insufficiency (classic Addison's disease) the hormone aldosterone is also deficient. Many of the symptoms of Addison's disease arise due to the hyposecretion of aldosterone leading to hyperkalemia (high blood potassium levels) and metabolic acidosis (increased acidity of the blood due to decreased bicarbonate levels). Often the production of adrenaline is also diminished.
Treatment is with replacement of the hormones (oral hydrocortisone and fludrocortisone). If the disease is caused by an underlying problem, this is addressed. Regular follow-up and monitoring for other health problems is necessary.